Source code:Lib/idlelib/

IDLE is Python’s Integrated Development and Learning Environment.

IDLE has the following features:

coded in 100% pure Python, using the tkinter GUI toolkit
cross-platform: works mostly the same on Windows, Unix, and macOS
Python shell window (interactive interpreter) with colorizingof code input, output, and error messages
multi-window text editor with multiple undo, Python colorizing,smart indent, call tips, auto completion, and other features
search within any window, replace within editor windows, and searchthrough multiple files (grep)
debugger with persistent breakpoints, stepping, and viewingof global and local namespaces
configuration, browsers, and other dialogs

Menus¶

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IDLE has two main window types, the Shell window and the Editor window. It ispossible to have multiple editor windows simultaneously. On Windows andLinux, each has its own top menu. Each menu documented below indicateswhich window type it is associated with.

Output windows, such as used for Edit => Find in Files, are a subtype of editorwindow. They currently have the same top menu but a differentdefault title and context menu.

On macOS, there is one application menu. It dynamically changes accordingto the window currently selected. It has an IDLE menu, and some entriesdescribed below are moved around to conform to Apple guidelines.

File menu (Shell and Editor)¶

New File

Create a new file editing window.

Open…

Open an existing file with an Open dialog.

Recent Files

Open a list of recent files. Click one to open it.

Open Module…

Open an existing module (searches sys.path).

Class Browser

Show functions, classes, and methods in the current Editor file in atree structure. In the shell, open a module first.

Path Browser

Show sys.path directories, modules, functions, classes and methods in atree structure.

Save

Save the current window to the associated file, if there is one. Windowsthat have been changed since being opened or last saved have a * beforeand after the window title. If there is no associated file,do Save As instead.

Save As…

Save the current window with a Save As dialog. The file saved becomes thenew associated file for the window.

Save Copy As…

Save the current window to different file without changing the associatedfile.

Print Window

Print the current window to the default printer.

Close

Close the current window (ask to save if unsaved).

Exit

Close all windows and quit IDLE (ask to save unsaved windows).

Edit menu (Shell and Editor)¶

Undo

Undo the last change to the current window. A maximum of 1000 changes maybe undone.

Redo

Redo the last undone change to the current window.

Cut

Copy selection into the system-wide clipboard; then delete the selection.

Copy

Copy selection into the system-wide clipboard.

Paste

Insert contents of the system-wide clipboard into the current window.

The clipboard functions are also available in context menus.

Select All

Select the entire contents of the current window.

Find…

Open a search dialog with many options

Find Again

Repeat the last search, if there is one.

Find Selection

Search for the currently selected string, if there is one.

Find in Files…

Open a file search dialog. Put results in a new output window.

Replace…

Open a search-and-replace dialog.

Go to Line

Move the cursor to the beginning of the line requested and make thatline visible. A request past the end of the file goes to the end.Clear any selection and update the line and column status.

Show Completions

Open a scrollable list allowing selection of existing names. SeeCompletions in the Editing and navigation section below.

Expand Word

Expand a prefix you have typed to match a full word in the same window;repeat to get a different expansion.

Show call tip

After an unclosed parenthesis for a function, open a small window withfunction parameter hints. See Calltips in theEditing and navigation section below.

Show surrounding parens

Highlight the surrounding parenthesis.

Format menu (Editor window only)¶

Indent Region

Shift selected lines right by the indent width (default 4 spaces).

Dedent Region

Shift selected lines left by the indent width (default 4 spaces).

Comment Out Region

Insert ## in front of selected lines.

Uncomment Region

Remove leading # or ## from selected lines.

Tabify Region

Turn leading stretches of spaces into tabs. (Note: We recommend using4 space blocks to indent Python code.)

Untabify Region

Turn all tabs into the correct number of spaces.

Toggle Tabs

Open a dialog to switch between indenting with spaces and tabs.

New Indent Width

Open a dialog to change indent width. The accepted default by the Pythoncommunity is 4 spaces.

Format Paragraph

Reformat the current blank-line-delimited paragraph in comment block ormultiline string or selected line in a string. All lines in theparagraph will be formatted to less than N columns, where N defaults to 72.

Strip trailing whitespace

Remove trailing space and other whitespace characters after the lastnon-whitespace character of a line by applying str.rstrip to each line,including lines within multiline strings. Except for Shell windows,remove extra newlines at the end of the file.

Run menu (Editor window only)¶

Run Module

Do Check Module. If no error, restart the shell to clean theenvironment, then execute the module. Output is displayed in the Shellwindow. Note that output requires use of print or write.When execution is complete, the Shell retains focus and displays a prompt.At this point, one may interactively explore the result of execution.This is similar to executing a file with python-ifile at a commandline.

Run… Customized

Same as Run Module, but run the module with customizedsettings. Command Line Arguments extend sys.argv as if passedon a command line. The module can be run in the Shell without restarting.

Check Module

Check the syntax of the module currently open in the Editor window. If themodule has not been saved IDLE will either prompt the user to save orautosave, as selected in the General tab of the Idle Settings dialog. Ifthere is a syntax error, the approximate location is indicated in theEditor window.

Python Shell

Open or wake up the Python Shell window.

Shell menu (Shell window only)¶

View Last Restart

Scroll the shell window to the last Shell restart.

Restart Shell

Restart the shell to clean the environment.

Previous History

Cycle through earlier commands in history which match the current entry.

Next History

Editors Keys User Manual Mac